Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os compostos bioativos das folhas de Conocarpus lancifolius (C. lancifolius). A análise por GC-MS do extrato metanólico quente das folhas (HMEL) de C. lancifolius exibiu os compostos bioativos como 1- (3-Metoxi-2-nitrobenzil) isoquinolina, morfina-4-ol-6,7- diona, 1-bromo-N-metil-, fitol, ácido hexadecanoico, 2,3-di-hidroxipropil éster, 2,2 ': 4', 2 ” - tertiofeno, isoalocolato de etil, óxido de cariofileno, campesterol, epiglobulol, colestano -3-ol, 2-metileno-, (3á, 5à) -, dasycarpidan-1-metanol, acetato (éster) e ácido oleico, éster eicosílico. A análise FT-IR de HMEL de C. lancifolius mostrou um pico único em 3184, 2413, 1657 cm-1 representando ácido cumarico, ácido clorogênico e ácido ferúlico. O HMEL de C. lancifolius inibiu ativamente a proliferação de células de câncer de mama MCF-7 ATCC na concentração de 72,66 ± 8,21 µg / ml como valor de IC50. O HMEL de C. lancifolius também revelou bom espectro de atividade contra culturas de bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas rastreadas neste trabalho. A atividade observada mostrou efeitos mais ou menos semelhantes contra bactérias rastreadas. No entanto, a magnitude da potencialidade foi significativamente menor em comparação com o disco de ciprofloxacina padrão em nível de p < 0,001 (intervalos de confiança de 99%). Além disso, o estudo demonstrando os compostos bioativos pode ser isolado das folhas de C. lancifolius.

Abstract The objective of the present study was to analyse the bioactive compounds of the leaves of Conocarpus lancifolius (C. lancifolius). The GC-MS analysis of the hot methanolic extract of the leaves (HMEL) of C. lancifolius exhibited the bioactive compounds such as 1-(3-Methoxy-2-nitrobenzyl) iso quinoline, morphin-4-ol-6,7-dione, 1-bromo-N-methyl-, phytol, hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, 2,2':4',2”-terthiophene, ethyl iso-allocholate, caryophyllene oxide, campesterol, epiglobulol, cholestan-3-ol, 2-methylene-, (3á,5à)-, dasycarpidan-1-methanol, acetate (ester) and oleic acid, eicosyl ester. The FT-IR analysis of HMEL of C. lancifolius showed a unique peak at 3184, 2413, 1657 cm-1 representing coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid. The HMEL of C. lancifolius was actively inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells MCF-7 ATCC at the concentration of 72.66 ± 8.21 µg/ml as IC50 value. The HMEL of C. lancifolius also revealed a good spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cultures screened in this work. The activity observed has shown more or less similar effects against screened bacteria. However, the magnitude of potentiality was significantly lesser compared to standard ciprofloxacin disc at p< 0.001 level (99% confidence intervals). Furthermore, the study demonstrating the bioactive compounds can be isolated from the leaves of C. lancifolius.

Abstract The present work was designed to investigate the presence of bioactive chemicals in the reaction mixtures (RMs) of peels of Valencia, Mandarin, and African navel oranges, through GC-MS and FT-IR studies. Limonene, a unique compound, is present in the RMs of the three orange peels. Moreover, hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester was identified in the RMs of all the three-orange peels. The RM of Mandarin orange exhibited potent cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 ATCC human breast cancer cells (HBC). All the three RMs exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), Salmonella choleraesis (ATCC 10708), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 299).

Resumo O presente trabalho almejou investigar a presença de produtos químicos bioativos nas misturas de reação (MRs) de cascas de Valência, Tangerina e laranja umbigo africana, por meio de estudos de GC-MS e FT-IR. Assim, constatou-se que limoneno, um composto único, está presente nos RMs das três cascas de laranja. Além disso, o éster 2-hidroxi-1-(hidroximetil) etílico do ácido hexadecanóico foi identificado nos RMs de todas as cascas de três laranjas. A RM da tangerina exibiu potente efeito citotóxico contra células de câncer de mama humano (HBC) MCF-7 ATCC. Todos os três RMs exibiram atividade antibacteriana moderada contra as bactérias patogênicas humanas dos seguintes tipos: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), Salmonella choleraesis (ATCC 10708), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) e Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 299).

The current in vitro study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of boesenbergin A (BA), a chalcone derivative of known structure isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), non-small cell lung cancer (A549), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3), and normal hepatic cells (WRL-68) were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of BA using the MTT assay. The antioxidant activity of BA was assessed by the ORAC assay and compared to quercetin as a standard reference antioxidant. ORAC results are reported as the equivalent concentration of Trolox that produces the same level of antioxidant activity as the sample tested at 20 µg/mL. The toxic effect of BA on different cell types, reported as IC50, yielded 20.22 ± 3.15, 10.69 ± 2.64, 20.31 ± 1.34, 94.10 ± 1.19, and 9.324 ± 0.24 µg/mL for A549, PC3, HepG2, HT-29, and WRL-68, respectively. BA displayed considerable antioxidant activity, when the results of ORAC assay were reported as Trolox equivalents. BA (20 µg/mL) and quercetin (5 µg/mL) were equivalent to a Trolox concentration of 11.91 ± 0.23 and 160.32 ± 2.75 µM, respectively. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activity of BA was significant at 12.5 to 50 µM and without any significant cytotoxicity for the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 at 50 µM. The significant biological activities observed in this study indicated that BA may be one of the agents responsible for the reported biological activities of B. rotunda crude extract.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the door to thrombolysis time of patients who presented to the Adult Priority Care Facility of the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex from February 1 - May 31, 2008. METHOD: The patients who presented to the Adult Priority Care Facility of the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex with cardiac type chest pain and ST segment elevation that met the international criteria and had positive troponin test were interviewed and their notes reviewed to obtain the relevant information. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were treated with ST segment elevation myocardial infarctions; 78.4% were thrombolysed. Patients were: 59.75 years old, 68.6% male and 66.7% were of East Indian extraction. The average time to thrombolysis was 5 hours and 31 minutes from the onset of chest pain. The average door to thrombolysis time was 2 hours and 7 minutes with 20% of patients having a door to thrombolysis time of 30 minutes. The time to thrombolysis from the onset of chest pain and the door to thrombolysis times were adversely affected by the health facility to which the patient first presented. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients presented within the thrombolysis window. Early recognition of symptoms of myocardial infarction and arrival at a healthcare facility is not being achieved by the majority of patients. The systems that are responsible for the transport, triage and treatment of patients who present with chest pain are inadequate and require urgent review and overhaul to achieve the goals outlined by the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiologist.

OBJETIVO: Determinar el tiempo de la puerta a la trombólisis en pacientes que acudieron al Centro de Cuidados de Prioridad del Adulto del Complejo de Ciencias Médicas Eric Williams, el 1 ero de febrero a mayo 31 de mayo del 2008. MÉTODO: Los pacientes que acudieron al Centro de Cuidados de Prioridad del Adulto del Complejo de Ciencias Médicas Eric Williams, con dolor cardíaco en el pecho, elevación del segmento ST de conformidad con criterios internacionales, y resultados positivos en la prueba de troponina, fueron entrevistados y sus notas examinadas para obtener información relevante. RESULTADOS: Se trataron cincuenta y un pacientes con infartos del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST; 78.4% estaban trombolizados. Las características de los pacientes fueron las siguientes: 59.75 años de edad; 68.6% varones y 66.7% de extracción indo-oriental. El tiempo promedio de la trombólisis fue 5 horas y 31 minutos a partir del comienzo del dolor en el pecho. El tiempo promedio de la puerta a la trombólisis fue 2 horas y 7 minutos, con 20% de los pacientes con un tiempo puerta-trombólisis de 30 minutos. El tiempo de trombólisis desde el comienzo del dolor en el pecho y los tiempos de la puerta a la trombólisis fueron afectados de modo adverso por el centro de salud al que acudieron los pacientes en primer lugar CONCLUSIÓN: La mayoría de los pacientes se presentaron dentro de la ventana de la trombólisis. El reconocimiento temprano de los síntomas del infarto del miocardio y la llegada a un centro asistencial de salud, es algo que la mayor parte de los pacientes no alcanzan a lograr. Los sistemas que son responsables del transporte, la clasificación y tratamiento de los pacientes que se presentan con dolor de pecho, son inadecuados y requieren revisión urgente y reparación para lograr las metas definidas por la Asociación Americana de Cardiología y el Colegio Americano de Cardiología.

The effect of increasing the rare earth ion concentration on the physical and spectroscopic properties of Nd3 + doped sodium-lead-borate glasses have been studied for the compositions (10-x) Na2O-30PbO-60B2O3-xNd2O3, where x = 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75 and 2.00 mol %. Optical band gaps, cut-off wavelengths and various spectroscopic parameters (E¹, E², E³, F2, F4, F6 and xi4f) have been determined from the room temperature absorption spectra. Judd-Ofelt theory has been employed to determine the intensity parameters omega2, omega4 and omega6 which in turn are used to evaluate radiative transition probability (A), branching ratio (beta) and radiative lifetime (tauR) for the fluorescent level 4F3 / 2. The omega2 parameter and hence the non-symmetric component of electric field acting on Nd3 + ion is found to be highest for glass with 1.75 mol% of Nd2O3. Because of the poor resolution of hypersensitive transition, the covalency of the Nd-O bond has been characterized by the relative intensity of 4I9 / 2 ->4F7 / 2, 4S3 / 2. The highest covalency has been predicted for glass with 2 mol% Nd2O3. The radiative properties are found to improve with an increase in concentration of Nd2O3 for the present study.